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What are braces/aligners?

Dr. Sara Mohammed Saed24 Jul 2023

Fixed braces and aligners are both orthodontic treatments used to correct dental misalignments and improve the alignment of teeth. However, they differ in terms of their design and the materials used.

Fixed braces is a traditional orthodontic treatment that consists of metal or ceramic brackets bonded to the teeth and connected with wires. The brackets are placed on each tooth, and the wires are adjusted periodically to apply pressure, gradually moving the teeth into the desired position. Braces are typically adjusted by your orthodontist during regular appointments.

Aligners, on the other hand, are a more discreet alternative to braces and consist of the aligners themselves as well as attachments that are white fillings glued onto your teeth. The aligners are clear, custom-made trays that fit over the teeth and gradually shift them into place and the attachments are prescribed by your orthodontist onto specific teeth. Aligners are typically made from a transparent plastic material, making them virtually invisible when worn. They are removable, allowing for easier oral hygiene and the ability to eat without restrictions. The aligners need to be replaced every week as the teeth gradually move.

Both braces and aligners can treat a wide range of malocclusions and the choice between fixed braces and aligners depends on various factors where a huge aspect is patient preference.

When to know when you need them?

Determining whether you need orthodontic treatment is best done by consulting with a qualified orthodontist. They are dental specialists who are trained to diagnose and treat misalignments of the teeth and jaws. However, there are some common signs and conditions that may indicate the need for orthodontic treatment. Here are a few indicators:

  • Crooked or crowded teeth: If your teeth are visibly misaligned, overlapping, or crowded, it may be a sign that orthodontic treatment is necessary.
  • Overbite or underbite: An overbite occurs when the upper front teeth excessively overlap the lower front teeth, while an underbite is when the lower teeth protrude beyond the upper teeth. These bite issues can impact both aesthetics and functionality.
  • Crossbite: A crossbite happens when the upper teeth sit inside the lower teeth when the jaws are closed. This misalignment can affect the bite and jaw alignment.
  • Gaps between teeth: Excessive spaces or gaps between teeth, also known as diastema, can be a cosmetic concern and may require orthodontic treatment to close the gaps.
  • Difficulty with biting or chewing: If you experience difficulty while biting or chewing food, it could indicate an alignment issue that may benefit from orthodontic treatment.
  • Speech difficulties: Certain misalignments can affect speech patterns, causing difficulties in pronunciation or speech clarity.

Please note that these are general indicators, and your orthodontist will need to accurately assess your specific dental situation and recommend the appropriate treatment. They will conduct a thorough examination, which may include radiographs, scans of your teeth, and photographs, to determine if orthodontic treatment is necessary and provide you with a tailored treatment plan.

What does the procedure/fitting of braces/aligners look like?

Here's an overview of what you can expect for each:

Fixed Braces:
  • Placement of braces: During the placement appointment, your orthodontist will clean and prepare your teeth. Then, they will apply adhesive to attach the brackets to the front surfaces of your teeth. Once they are attached, an archwire will be threaded through the brackets and secured with elastic bands. This is when you can select which colour you would like!
  • Adjustment appointments: You will need regular adjustment appointments, usually every 4-8 weeks, during which the orthodontist will modify the archwire, change elastics, and make necessary adjustments to guide your teeth into the desired position.
  • Oral hygiene and care: Your orthodontist will provide instructions on how to care for your braces, including proper brushing and flossing techniques, avoiding certain foods that can damage the braces, and using any additional appliances or accessories, such as rubber bands. It is generally recommended to see your hygienist every 3 months during orthodontic treatment and to continue seeing your dentist regularly.
Aligners:
  • Custom aligner fabrication: Scans of your teeth will be taken and sent for a ‘Clincheck’ which is a virtual treatment plan that is created using 3-D computer imaging software. The ClinCheck software provides your orthodontist with valuable information to plan the precise placement and timing of attachments (small tooth-colored bumps) on your teeth, if necessary, to optimize tooth movement. a series of custom aligners will be created specifically for your teeth. Thia allows you and your orthodontist to preview the step-by-step progression of your tooth movement. It shows a series of digital models that represent your teeth at different stages of the treatment. You can visualise how your teeth will gradually shift and see the expected final result before you even start wearing the aligners. The purpose of the ClinCheck is to give you and your orthodontist a clear understanding of the treatment process, expected outcomes, and an opportunity to make any necessary adjustments to the treatment plan before your aligners are manufactured. This helps ensure an efficient and accurate treatment process with Invisalign aligners.
  • Fitting and instructions: Once your aligners are ready, you will receive a set of aligners along with instructions on how to wear and care for them and appointment will be arrangement for the placement of your attachments which are glued onto your teeth. The orthodontist will show you how to properly insert and remove the aligners.
  • Regular aligner changes: You will wear each set of aligners for a specified period, before progressing to the next set in the series. Over time, the aligners will exert gentle pressure, gradually shifting your teeth into the desired position.
  • Follow-up appointments: You will have periodic check-up appointments with your orthodontist to monitor your progress and receive new sets of aligners.

It's important to note that the duration of treatment varies depending on the complexity of your case and the recommended treatment plan. Regular compliance with wearing aligners or attending adjustment appointments for braces is crucial for successful outcomes.

How do you take care of your braces/aligners post-procedure?

Taking care of your braces or aligners is important to maintain good oral hygiene and ensure effective treatment. Here are some guidelines for caring for your braces and aligners:

  • Brushing: Brush your teeth thoroughly after every meal and snack. Use a soft-bristle toothbrush and fluoride toothpaste. Pay special attention to brushing around the brackets and wires.
  • Flossing: Use special orthodontic floss or a floss threader to clean between your teeth and under the wires. Floss at least once a day to remove plaque and food particles.
  • Interdental brushes: Consider using interdental brushes or proxy brushes to clean hard-to-reach areas between brackets and wires.
  • Avoid certain foods: Stay away from sticky, chewy, or hard foods that can damage your braces, such as gum, hard candies, popcorn, and ice. Cut harder fruits and vegetables into smaller, bite-sized pieces.
  • Be mindful of habits: Avoid habits like chewing on pens, biting your nails, or biting into hard objects that can potentially break your braces.
  • Attend regular orthodontic appointments: Keep up with your scheduled adjustment appointments with your orthodontist. They will make necessary modifications to your braces, monitor progress, and address any concerns.
Aligners:
  • Remove aligners when eating or drinking: Take out your aligners before eating or drinking anything other than plain water to avoid staining or damaging them.
  • Brush and floss: Brush your teeth thoroughly after each meal or snack before putting your aligners back in. Floss daily to keep your teeth and gums clean.
  • Clean aligners regularly: Rinse your aligners with lukewarm water every time you remove them. Brush them gently with a soft toothbrush with soapy water or use specialised aligner cleaning crystals.
  • Avoid hot liquids: Do not drink hot beverages while wearing aligners, as they can distort or damage them.
  • Store aligners properly: When not in use, store your aligners in their designated case to keep them safe and clean.
  • Wear aligners as instructed: Follow your orthodontist's instructions regarding the recommended hours of daily aligner wear. Typically, aligners should be worn for 22 hours a day for optimal results.
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